The Google Serial Graphics Adapter BIOS or SGABIOS provides a means for legacy x86 software to communicate with an attached serial console as if a video card were attached.
SGABIOS is designed to be inserted into a BIOS as an option rom to provide over a serial port the display and input capabilities normally handled by a VGA adapter and a keyboard, and additionally provide hooks for logging displayed characters for later collection after an operating system boots. It is designed to handle all text mode output sent to the legacy video bios int 10h service routine. Int 10h is the most common method for displaying characters in 16-bit legacy x86 code.
Detailed design information can be found in the source file design.txt.